Cooking-stove



(NQ Modem Wl A. GREBNE 5 Sheets-Sheet l.

COOKING STOVE.

Patented Peb.6,1883.

No.27l,626.

Fig- 2,

.5' VViTN ESSES:

3: bis A :for-12 e 5MM/u2 Cina/am @9 (No Model?)- 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. A. GREENE.

WITNESSES: INVENTORI (No Model.) 5 sheets-sheet 3.

W. A. GREENE.

COOKING STOVE.

No. 271,626. Patented Peb.6', 1883.

By` his .dttomeys,

' Mul @am Mgg@ N. PETERS, Pnvlwulhngmphur. wnmingwn. D. c

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4'.

W. A. GREENE.

COOKING sToVE.

Patented Peb- 62, 1888.

WITNESSES: NVENTORI By his .dttorneg/s,

QM# @JZ/tuuu. gum/tjah @vLex/MA@ (No Model.) 5 Sheetsf-Sheet 5.

W; A. GREENE.

COOKING STOVB.

No.. 271,626. Patentedv Feb..6, 18,83;

'vw/lTlmssi-:s:l @X INVENQOR:

. By his .flttolvzeg/s,

Unire@ States arent rtree.,

VILLIAM A. GREENE, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

COOKING-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,626, dated February 6, 1883,

Application filed August 3l, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern lie it known thatI, WILLIAM A. GREENE, a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, haveinvented certain lmprovementsinOooliing-Stoves,andinStoves 'for other Purposes, of which the following is a specitication.

rlhe object of my invention is to provide a store or range for burning soi't or bituminous 1o coal in a convenient, cleanly, and economical manner. Bituminous fuels afford a high degree ot' heat when so burned that all or a high percentage of their combustible coiistitueuts are utilized; but as ordinarily burned a large proportion ofthe fuel passes off in the form ofsmoke and uncons'umed hydrocarbon gases, thereby vitiating the atmosphere, filling the chimneys and tlues with soot, and wastingconsiderablet'uel. Many smoke-preventing stoves zo have been designed, working on various principles; but all have either failed in their primary object or been too expensive, troublesome, complicated, or inconvenient to be successful in the hands of those who usually have charge of such stoves. I have aimed in my presentinvention to accomplish a thorough Consumption ofthe fuel, and consequent avoidance of smoke, by means which it is beyond the power of the operative to derange by bad go management, and to render the stove as simple in construction and as easyto operate as are the anthracite-stoves now commonly used.

Figure l of the accompanying drawings is a front eleva-tion of my improved's'tore in its preferred form, partly broken away to show 'the construction. Fig. 2 is a vertical section thereof, out in the plane otl the lines 2 2 in Fig. 4, and viewed from the front. Fig. V3 is a similar section ot' the upper part ot' the stove,

4o cut in the same plane, but viewed from 'the rear. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section cut in two different planes, as indicated by the dotted line 4 4 in Fig. 5, the rear halt' of the stove being cut in the plane of the line 4u 4a in Fig.

2, and the front half being cut in the plane ot' the line 4'4) in Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is a vertical ployed in cook-stoves.

similar to Fig. 2, but showing a modified construction. Fig.9 isa horizontal section thereof, cut in the same planes as Fig. 4; and Fig. l() is a plan ofthe stove shown in Figs. 1 to 7.

I will tirst describe the construction shown in Flgs. l to 7.

Let A designate the outer shell or casing; B, the oven O, the ash-pit; D, the grate or fuelbed; E, the fuel-chamber, and F F the gascombustion chambers.

The general construction and arrangement of the oven, ash-pit, grate, and fuel-chamber are much the same as heretofore commonly em- Thei'uel-chamber is of less than the usual depth, and the gas-combustion chambers or Aiiame-1. assages F F extend from it directly over the oven to the fiues, their bottoms or iioors being nearlyon the same level as the grate. The chambers F F are separated by a central longitudinal dividingwall, G, which is hollow for its entire length, being made ot" two vertical plates, a. a, preterably corrugated, as. shown in Fig. 4, and it eX- tends from the left-hand end ot' the stove to the chamber E, over the grate, where it stops, being terminated by a curved perforated end plate, b. (Seen in Figs. 2 and 4.) The shell A, at the left-hand end of the stove, is formed with an aperture, c, opposite the end of the hollow partition G, thereby rendering the latter an air-flue, which I shall refer to as the Hue H.

The stove is shown as formed with six stoveholes, d d, having the usual covers fittingA between the usual short and long crosses. There are two long crosses, e andj', the former eX- tending across the stove, or from front to rear, between the center and right-hand pair ot' holes d d, and the latter extending longitudi-A nally of the stove from its left-hand end to the long cross e, on which it rests. These long crosses are both tiXed in place, so that the cook cannot remove them, the cross f forming the top of the Hue H. There are also three short crosses, g g, one over each chamber F, between v IOO Thus the chambers F F have an imperforate tloor or hearth, and on this are placed baftlebricks i i, one directly beneath each hole (l, and each extending back transversely across the chamberand projecting up about. one-third the height thereot'. Between each two holes d (1 the upper part of the chambers is similarly obstructed by an air-bridge,j, which is a hollow plate or casting of trough shape, fastened to the under side ot' one of the crosses g or e, and so extending transversely of the chamber. The effect ot' these obstructions arranged thus alternately above and below is to cause the products ot' combustion to take a sinuous course through the chambers, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2, thereby retarding their passage, causing them to give up a greater portion ot' heat proportioned to their retardment, and detlecting them upwardly against the stove holes, thus accelerating cooking over the holes, and causing them to mingle with air entering through the air' bridges jj, as will be presently described.

From the lelt-hand end ot' the twochambers F F the draft-tine I leads down to the bottom ofthe stove, and to the right beneath the oven. Both chambers communicate with this tine, which in its downward passage contracts to one-halt' the depth of the shell, and extends along the front of a vertical partition, k, Fig. 5, until beneath the oven, whenitextendsback and up the rear side of this partition, as usual, whence it communicates through an aperture, l, with an outside tine, J, from which leads the collar m, which connects with the stove-pipe.

From the top of the partition k a valve, K, extends to the rear wall of the stove, and in ordinary burning this valve is closed, compelling the gases to pass through the flue I around the oven; but when a directdrat't is required, as when kindling the tire, it is opened by its stem K', which extends through to the front ofthe stove, whereupon the gases pass through its seat directly to the aperture l and into the flue J. The partition Gr serves in either position ot' the valve K to compel the stream of burning gases to pass beneath all the stoveholes, instead oftiowing in a direct line toward the front or rear lei'tehand corner of the stove, whichever passage would afford them the more direct escape, as they would do were the partitions omitted. Thus the front and rearstoveholes cook alike whether the valve K be open or closed.

l provide means forsupplying to the burning gases and products ot' combustion at successive points in their travel a considerable quantity of highly-heated air, in order that the smoke and carbonaceous products shall be thoroughly oxidized or consumed.

To the right of the right-haud bafie-biick, t', iu each chamber is another and lower brick, n, whose edge nearly meets that of the brick z', leaving a narrow crack or slit between the two. Beneath this slit is an aperture in the plate It, and beneath this is a chamber, C', over the oven, and forming an extension of the ash-pit. The bottom of this chamber has a sloping floor, so inclined that any ashes that may fall through the slit o will slide into the ash-pit. Airfrom the ash-pit ascends through the chamber C and slit o, becomes thereby highly heated b v contact with the hot bricks t' n, and enters the, chamber F just in advance of the elevated portion ofthe brick so that in passing over that brick the current of burning gases is brought into contact with the stream of air. At this point the chamber F is slightly sepa rated from the chamber E by a contraction or throat, formed by the brick n below and the air-bridge j above, thereby slightly impeding the passage ot' gases from the chamber E and insuring their mingling with the air admitted through bridge j and slit 0. The interiors of the two bridges jj forming these throats communicate by openings through thc plates a a with the flue H, as shown in Fig. 4, and constitute branch tiues H H. Their ends at the front and back walls of the stove are closed. Airl enters at the aperture c, flows through lue H, thereby becoming heated by contact with the plates t a, and serving also to cool these plates and prevent their destruction, and on arriving at the end of this tlue divides and llows in opposite directiousinto the tlues H' H', whence it enters the chambers F F through numerous perforations in the bottom ofthe bridges jj. Air also enters from tine H into the chamber E through perforations in the end plate, b. The lett-hand bridges,j,crossiug the middle of the two chambers F, do not communicate with the flue H, but with fines L L, close to the front and rear walls A of the stove, their interiors forming tlues L L. These tlues L L are formed by keeping thetire-bricks or tiles p p, lining the outer side ofthe chambers F F, out ot' contact with the walls A A, so as to leave an air-space between the two, as best shown in Fig. 4. Thisis accomplished by forming the wallA with flanges, spurs, or other projections q q, against which the backs of the tiles pp may rest. The tiles are held back against these projections by plates M M, one of which fits between each two tiles and at the end of each bridge j, and each ot' which has a flange, r, on one or both sides extending in front ot' the adjoining tile. The plate M is drawn back toward the wall A by a bolt, s, Fig. 7, or by other means, and has spurs or flanges q on its back to keep it from being drawn too close to the wall.

The tlue L in front receives air through an aperture, t, whence the air tiows, as indicated by the arrows, into the tine L and down through the perforations into the combustionchamber. In its passage through the flue L it absorbs heat from the tilesp p. The tine L iu the rear receives air through an aperture, t. (Shown in Fig. 4.)

From another aperture, u, in the rear wall of the stove an air-flue, N, extends between the outer wall and lining-tiles to and across ICC IIO

' prevented from being burned out.

the right-hand end of the stove, in the middle of which it communicates with the flue N in the hollow of the air-bridge j, which crosses the chambelI E between the front and rear stove-holes. This flue N is or may be also supplied with air through an aperture, n', in the right-hand end of the stove. The tlues N and L at the rear of the stove are kept distinctby a flange, o, on the plate M, projecting backward between the apertures t -and u. The plate M at the right-bami end of the stove is perforated, Fig. 4, beneath the bridgej,there by admitting air from the flue N behind it directly into the chamber E. Thus more air is admitted to this chamber, and the plate M is protected by the stream of entering air and Any or all of the other plates M M may be likewise perforated.

The bridges jj, forming the lines L L and N', are. arranged beneat h the three short crosses g g, and are bolted thereto. When either of these crosses is lifted outitsair-bridgejcomes with it. Fig. 6 is an inverted plan of a short cross and its bridge. A socket is formed in each plate M and one in the partition G, opposite each plate. to receive the opposite ends ofthe air-bridges when the crosses arein place. ln addition to their function as air-inlet tlues, these bridges j thus arranged serve to brace or strengthen the crpsses, and thereby' reduce their liability to breakage, and also, by causing a current of air to pass beneath them, to prevent their becoming red-hot in use, and consequently warping or sagging. This result is due to the air in these dues being much cooler than the temperature of red-hot iron, although still so highly heated as to readily combine with the burning gases.

The tire is kindled in the usual way in the chamber E, the products of combustion passing back equally, or very nearly so, through both chambers F F and down the flue I. The tire is fed through the fire-door E in front, and the ashes removed from the ashdoor below, as usual. The fuel is stirred, when necessary, by a straight bar or poker inserted through a hole, w, as formerly. The combustible constituents of the smoke are all consumed by combining with the successive portions of heated air-entering the chambers EF, so that no soot is formed, and the smoke contains no uncombined carbon, even when iresh fuel is added and lis beginning to evolve its dense hydrocarbon vapors.

Heretofore it has been thought necessary in order to consume the smoke from bituminous coal t0 pass the smoke over a bed of already ccked and incandescent fuel, thereby subject ing it to a high degree of heat; butin my stove I have succeeded in producing this result by slightly' choking the entrance to the ame combustion-chambers F F, thereby retaining the smoke for an instant over the bed of tuel in the chamber E, and then causing it to 'impinge successively on entering currents of heated air. I thus avoid the necessity of employing a double or divided fuel-chamber and of pushing the fuel back into the second chamber after it becomes coked-an operation requiring some degree of watchful attention andintelligence. Theresult of my improvement is that the burning of bituminous coal is rendered very nearly as simple and requires almost as little skill and attention as to burn anthracite coal.

The modified construction shown in' Figs. 8 and 9 differs from that alreadydescribed only in the arrangement of the fines and draftdamper. The pipe-collar m is arranged at the left-hand end instead ofthe back, and there are two lilies I, one leading down from each chamber F, extending to the right under the oven, and there uniting in one central due, which extends up to the end of the stove between the others to the collar m. The air-line H no longer opens to the outer air at the left? common arrangement of the titles may be adapted to my stove.

It must not be inferred from my detailed description of l to 7 that the use ot'all the details of arrangement and construction referred to is essential to my invention. On the contrary, many of them may be omitted or considerably modified withoutmaterially affecting the operation of the stove.

For a very small stove, having but three,

holes, only one-halt' ot my stove need be used, thereby employing but one chamber F and omitting the partition G. The draftflues will need to be correspondingly rearranged.

For a heatingstove only the oven B may be omitted and the fines and combustion-charm bers suitably rearranged.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination, in a stove, of a fuelchamber having a grate, two parallel gas-combustion chambers leading therefrom, a central partition separating said chambers, an airheating flue extending through said partition, and air-inletopeningsaffordingcommunication between Said flue and said chambers,whereby a current of air from outside the stove is drawn through said partition and cools it, and said air becomes. heated, is admitted to the burning gases, and contributes to complete their combustion, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination,` in a stove, of a fuelchamber bavinga grate, two parallel gas-combustion chambers leading' therefrom, a central partition separating said chambers, an airbridge across each of said chambers, an airheating flue extending through said partition, and branch lues leading therefrom through IO O IIO

each of said bridges, with air-inlet perforalions through said bridges admitting heated air to pass from the. flues to the chambers, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, in a` stove, ot' a fuelchamber, a gas-combustion chamber leading therefrom and extending beneath the stoveholes, acontraction or throat at the entrance to said chamber, an air-bridge extending across said chamber between two stove-holes, an air` heating fine extending through the space between the lining-tiles of said chamber and the shell of the stove, a branch flue extending therefrom through said air-bridge, and perforations in the latter admitting air from said branch flue into said chamber, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, in a stove, of a fuelehamber, two gas-combustion chambers leading therefrom and separated b ya dividingpartition, an air-bridge crossing said fuel-cham her and forming a partial continuation of said partition, an air-heatingue extending through 'a heated wall of the stove, a branch tine leading therefrom through said bridge, and perfo rations in said bridge admitting air from said line into the fuel-chamber, substantially as set forth.

5. A cooli-stove consisting of the combination of fuel-chamber E, gas-combustion chamber F, leading therefrom, baffle-'bricks i therein, beneath the stove-holes, perforated airbridges jj, depending thereinto between the stove-holes, and air-heating fines extending;r through the heated walls ot' the stove to and comm unieating with the interior of said bridges, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with chambers E and 1 of tiles p p, lining' the sides thereof, the outer shell, A, having projections q q to keep said tiles out of contact with it, and thereby form a-n air-heating space, and plates M M, having flanges for engaging said tiles and holding them back against said projections fastened to the shell A, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with chambers E and F, of side lining-tiles,pp, outer shell, A, having projections (l q, flanged plate M, and air-bridge j, its interior communicating through an opening in said plate with the air-heating space or flue between said tiles and shell, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof l have hereunto signed my name in the presence ot' two subscribing witnesses.

\\"ILLIAB1 A. GREENE.

fitnessesz BELLE F. GREENE, ARTHUR C. FRASER. 

